Germany's Gas Reserves Plummet to 32.9% Amidst Severe Winter, Sparking Energy Security Debate

Gas Reserves Hit Critical Lows

Germany's natural gas storage facilities have seen a significant reduction, reaching just 32.9% of capacity as of February 1, 2026. This sharp decline is primarily attributed to a period of severe winter temperatures, leading to intense heating demand across the country. The current level marks a substantial drop from 56.4% recorded at the same time last year and approximately 57% at the end of December 2025, highlighting the impact of one of the coldest winters in recent memory.

Political Reactions and Energy Security Concerns

The rapidly depleting reserves have ignited a political debate regarding Germany's energy security. Michael Kellner, the energy policy spokesman for the opposition Green Party, voiced strong criticism, accusing the government of 'poor preparation'. He warned of potential restrictions and emphasized the urgent need for gas savings, stating, 'We are shivering through this winter.'

In contrast, Economy Minister Katherina Reiche sought to allay fears, asserting that 'there is no reason for concern' and highlighting the government's daily monitoring of the situation. Reiche underscored Germany's enhanced capacity to import liquefied natural gas (LNG) from international markets, expressing confidence that the nation would navigate the winter without significant issues. The Bundesnetzagentur (Federal Network Agency) also maintains that the gas supply is stable and security of supply is safeguarded, though it stresses the continued importance of gas saving.

Historical Context and Supply Diversification

Germany has faced challenges in maintaining stable energy supplies since the cessation of Russian gas imports following the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022. Prior to the conflict, Russia supplied nearly 55% of Germany's natural gas. In response, Germany has diversified its energy sources, now relying on imports from:

• Norway
• The Netherlands
• Belgium
• The United States (for the majority of its LNG imports)

This shift has come with increased prices for natural gas.

Regulatory Targets and Broader European Picture

German legislation mandates a minimum combined fill level of 30% for underground gas storage sites by February 1. The current level of 32.9% is just above this regulatory threshold. Across the European Union, gas storage levels have also reached their lowest point for this time of year since before the 2022 energy crisis, with the EU average standing at 41.1% as of January 31, 2026.

A study conducted by Frontier Economics on behalf of Uniper in October 2025 previously highlighted the economic risks associated with lower storage levels. It suggested that if storage in North-Western Europe were only 75% full, the economic damage could amount to nearly EUR 40 billion, underscoring the critical role of robust gas reserves for economic stability.