Anti-Euro Protests Intensify Across Bulgaria Ahead of January 2026 Eurozone Entry

Widespread Demonstrations Against Euro Adoption

Citizens across Bulgaria have engaged in a series of protests against the nation's planned adoption of the euro currency, set for January 1, 2026. Demonstrations have taken place in major cities such as Sofia and Burgas, with participants voicing strong opposition to replacing the national currency, the Bulgarian lev, and demanding a national referendum on the matter.

These protests, which occurred on various dates throughout 2025, including May 19, May 31, June 1, June 4, and June 29, have seen thousands take to the streets. Key organizers include the ultranationalist Revival (Vazrazhdane) Party and several non-governmental organizations, alongside other civic, nationalist, and pro-Russian groups.

Demands for Lev Preservation and Referendum

The core demands of the protesters revolve around the preservation of the Bulgarian lev and the holding of a national referendum on euro adoption. In Sofia, demonstrators have gathered at significant locations such as Orlov Most (Eagles Bridge), the National Assembly, and the 'Triangle of Power,' at times blocking traffic. In Burgas, similar actions included protests near a gas station in the 'Slaveykov' neighborhood and blocking a busy roundabout. Protests have also been reported in other cities including Plovdiv, Varna, Ruse, and Sliven.

Protesters have expressed concerns that joining the eurozone could lead to rising prices and a limitation of the country's economic sovereignty. Banners displayed during the rallies have included slogans such as 'The battle for the Bulgarian lev is the last battle for Bulgaria,' reflecting a sentiment that the national currency is a symbol of statehood. Some demonstrations in late 2025 also coincided with broader anti-government protests against a proposed budget that included tax increases, leading to the resignation of the government.

Official Stance and Eurozone Accession Timeline

Despite the public opposition, Bulgaria's accession to the eurozone on January 1, 2026, has received formal approval from European institutions. The European Council, European Parliament, and Eurogroup have endorsed Bulgaria's entry, with the conversion rate irrevocably fixed at 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN. Bulgaria officially joined the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) on July 10, 2020, a prerequisite for eurozone membership.

Bulgarian President Rumen Radev had previously requested a national referendum on euro adoption. However, the Parliament rejected this proposal multiple times, citing constitutional provisions that prohibit referendums on international treaties that have already been ratified. The European Commission has affirmed that Bulgaria will join the eurozone as planned, regardless of the domestic political situation, as all necessary convergence criteria have been met.

Continuing Debate as Deadline Approaches

As the target date for euro adoption draws closer, the debate between proponents and opponents of the move continues. While the government and European institutions emphasize the fulfillment of economic criteria and the benefits of eurozone membership, a segment of the Bulgarian population remains concerned about the potential impact on their daily lives and national identity. The protests highlight the ongoing public discourse surrounding this significant economic transition for Bulgaria.