Mayotte Implements New Water Rationing Schedule Amidst Persistent Scarcity

Introduction to Ongoing Water Restrictions

Mayotte's water utility has announced a new water rationing schedule, set to be in effect from September 30 to October 5, 2025. This latest directive underscores the persistent and severe water scarcity issues plaguing the French overseas department, necessitating continued measures to manage the dwindling water supply for its residents.

Deep-Rooted Causes of the Crisis

The current rationing schedule is a direct consequence of a multifaceted water crisis that has affected Mayotte for several years. The island has been experiencing a prolonged drought, with 2023 marking its driest year since 1997, contributing to critically low reservoir levels. For instance, the Combani reservoir, a primary water source, was reported to be at only 10% capacity, and the Dzoumogne reservoir at 6.5% capacity in late 2023. Compounding the natural factors are significant issues of underinvestment in water infrastructure and mismanagement. The water system has struggled to keep pace with the island's growing population, leading to recurrent shortages and compromised water quality. Furthermore, a 'technical incident' at the Ouroveni treatment plant in November 2024 caused a drinking water outage for half of Mayotte's population, further illustrating the fragility of the existing infrastructure. The passage of Cyclone Chido in December 2024 also exacerbated the already dire situation, causing widespread damage and worsening water access.

Impact on Daily Life for Mahorans

The severe water scarcity has profoundly impacted the daily lives of Mayotte's approximately 350,000 residents. Taps often flow as infrequently as one day out of three, forcing families to adapt their routines around limited water availability. Residents frequently face choices between essential activities like showering or preserving water for cooking and cleaning. The crisis has also raised significant public health concerns, with reports of diseases like cholera and typhoid on the rebound due to inadequate sanitation and contaminated water. Protest movements, such as 'Mayotte is Thirsty,' have emerged, demanding accountability and sustainable solutions from authorities.

Pursuit of Long-Term Solutions

In response to the ongoing crisis, efforts are underway to implement more sustainable water solutions. The Syndicat Les Eaux de Mayotte (LEMA) has awarded a contract to a Stereau-led consortium for the design, construction, and operation of a new desalination plant at Ironi Bé on Grande-Terre Island. This significant project aims to produce 10,000 m³ of drinking water per day and is projected to be completed by the end of 2025. The plant is expected to significantly improve the island's drinking water supply and reduce shortages, with plans for an increase to 16,670 m³/day by 2026. While emergency aid, including bottled water distribution and price freezes, has provided temporary relief, the focus remains on developing robust, long-term infrastructure to ensure water security for Mayotte.