Russian Duma Grants FSB Sweeping Powers Over Internet and Communications

Duma Approves Broad Communications Control Bill

The Russian State Duma on Tuesday, February 17, 2026, passed a controversial bill in its third and final reading, granting the Federal Security Service (FSB) extensive authority to control communication networks across the country. The legislation empowers the FSB to order the shutdown of internet and mobile services, as well as the blocking of calls and text messages. This move is seen as a significant escalation in Russia's efforts to regulate its digital space.

Expanded Authority for the FSB

Under the newly approved amendments to Russia's Law on Communications, telecommunications providers will be legally obligated to comply with directives from the FSB to suspend services. The scope of these powers is broad, encompassing not only mobile and fixed-line internet but also telephone services and 'any other means of communication,' including postal services. A key provision of the bill also stipulates that telecom operators will be exempt from financial liability to customers for any service interruptions resulting from these FSB orders.

Evolving Justification and Presidential Discretion

Initially, the bill was justified by authorities as a necessary measure to 'protect citizens and the state from security threats,' with some officials citing the need to counter Ukrainian drone attacks. However, by the time of its final passage in the Duma, references to 'security threats' as a specific justification were removed. The revised language now allows President Vladimir Putin to personally determine the conditions under which communications can be blocked, either nationwide or in specific regions, without requiring an explicit explanation for such actions. This change grants the presidency considerable discretion over communication shutdowns.

Concerns Over State Control and Censorship

The legislation has drawn sharp criticism from various observers, who describe it as 'Orwellian' and a step towards 'digital martial law.' Critics argue that the bill will enable the Kremlin to further silence dissent and isolate internet users and journalists. This legislative push aligns with a broader trend of tightening information controls in Russia, a trajectory that has intensified since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Russia has consistently been identified as a global leader in internet shutdowns and online censorship in recent years.

Next Steps for the Legislation

For the bill to officially become law, it must still receive approval from the upper-house Federation Council and subsequently be signed by President Vladimir Putin. The FSB's existing shutdown orders are reportedly already based on a secret decree signed by President Putin in August.