Germany Implements New Military Service Law Amidst Recruitment Drive

New Military Service Law Takes Effect

A new military service law officially came into effect in Germany on January 1, 2026, marking a significant shift in the nation's approach to military recruitment. Under the new legislation, male German citizens born on or after January 1, 2008, are now legally required to complete a questionnaire assessing their willingness to serve in the Bundeswehr, Germany's armed forces.

This mandatory questionnaire for young men will be followed by a compulsory medical examination to determine their fitness for service. For female citizens, participation in the questionnaire and subsequent medical examination remains voluntary.

Addressing Personnel Shortages and Geopolitical Realities

The implementation of this law is a direct response to the Bundeswehr's ongoing personnel shortages and the evolving international security landscape. Germany aims to significantly expand its active military personnel to approximately 260,000 to 270,000 soldiers by 2035, up from around 183,000 currently. An additional 200,000 reservists are also planned.

Defense Minister Boris Pistorius has been a prominent figure in advocating for these reforms, emphasizing the need for Germany to be 'ready for war' by 2029. The move is largely prompted by the 'deteriorating international security situation,' particularly in light of Russia's war in Ukraine.

Voluntary Service with a Contingency Plan

While the new system prioritizes voluntary enlistment, the law includes provisions for a 'needs-based conscription' or 'emergency draft' if the number of volunteers falls short of recruitment targets. Such a measure would require a separate vote by the Bundestag, Germany's parliament.

The questionnaire itself delves into various aspects, including a candidate's interest in military service, physical and mental health, height, weight, any disabilities, physical fitness, and even language and programming skills. Men who fail to complete the questionnaire or provide false information could face a fine.

To attract volunteers, incentives such as an entry-level monthly pay of approximately €2,600 gross and benefits like subsidies for a driving license are being offered. This new law follows the suspension of compulsory military service in Germany in 2011, after 55 years.