Paks Nuclear Plant Expansion Ahead of Schedule, 'First Concrete' Expected by Early February

Accelerated Progress at Paks II Nuclear Power Plant

The expansion of Hungary's Paks nuclear power plant, known as Paks II, is moving forward at an accelerated pace, with preparatory works for the crucial 'first concrete' pour scheduled to commence next week. Hungarian Foreign Minister Péter Szijjártó made the announcement in Moscow, highlighting that this significant milestone is now expected by early February 2026, ahead of the previously anticipated timeline.

Speaking after a session of the Hungarian–Russian Joint Economic Commission, Minister Szijjártó confirmed that the project's concrete plant is already operational, with 500 square meters of lean concrete having been poured and waterproofing efforts underway. He stated, 'Therefore, instead of next year as originally planned, we will begin rebar installation next week, ensuring that the first concrete will be in the ground at the beginning of February.'

Project Details and Strategic Importance

The Paks II project involves the construction of two new VVER-1200 reactors (Units 5 and 6) alongside the existing four units at the Paks site, located approximately 100-120 kilometers southwest of Budapest on the Danube River. This expansion is a cornerstone of Hungary's energy strategy, aiming to increase the share of nuclear energy in the national electricity demand to 70 percent. The project is being developed by MVM Paks II Nuclear Power Plant, a subsidiary of Hungary's MVM Group, with Russia's state nuclear corporation Rosatom as the main contractor.

The total cost of the project is estimated at €12.5 billion, with a substantial portion, up to €10 billion, financed by a Russian state loan. The inter-governmental agreement for the project was signed between Hungary and Russia in 2014.

Regulatory Approvals and International Context

The Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority (HAEA) has issued several key permits, including the construction license in August 2022 and approvals for the preliminary safety report in December 2024. In November 2025, the HAEA issued permits allowing the pouring of the first concrete for Unit 5 and the construction of nuclear island buildings.

Despite a September 2025 ruling by the European Court of Justice that annulled the European Commission's earlier approval of Hungarian state aid for Paks II, Hungarian officials have affirmed their commitment to the project. Minister Szijjártó emphasized Hungary's stance, stating, 'We do not intend to depart from this path, regardless of the pressure exerted on us.' The project also involves international collaboration, with components being manufactured in six countries, including French and German companies, alongside Russian production of key reactor internals and steam generators.

Looking Ahead

The pouring of 'first concrete' is a critical milestone, officially classifying the site as a nuclear power plant under construction according to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) standards. The Paks II units are targeted to be connected to the national grid by the early 2030s, contributing significantly to Hungary's long-term energy security and affordability.