Argentina Eases Gun Laws, Allowing Civilian Ownership of Semi-Automatic Firearms with Strict Conditions

New Decree Authorizes Semi-Automatic Firearms

Argentina has officially formalized new regulations on semi-automatic firearms, marking a significant shift in the nation's gun control policy. A decree issued on June 18, 2025, by President Javier Milei's administration, now permits civilians with a legal permit to acquire and possess semi-automatic assault rifles, carbines, or machine guns with a detachable magazine of .22 LR caliber or above. This move effectively overturns a prohibition that had been in place for three decades, which had restricted these types of weapons primarily to military personnel since 1995.

The government's rationale for this change includes addressing 'irregular situations' caused by strict legislation and acknowledging the potential for these weapons to be used in 'sport settings or other lawful activities.' Interior Minister Adrián Ruiz stated that 'Argentina has the right to self-defense enshrined in its constitution,' and that this law 'recognizes young adults' ability to responsibly exercise that right.'

Rigorous Requirements for Acquisition

Despite the liberalization, the new regulations stipulate several strict conditions for individuals seeking to acquire these firearms. Applicants must meet a comprehensive set of criteria managed by the National Agency of Controlled Materials (ANMAC), the government body responsible for monitoring gun ownership. Key requirements include:

• A clean criminal history, verified through rigorous background checks.
• Successful completion of psychophysical exams to demonstrate mental fitness and the absence of mental or physical abnormalities.
• Demonstrated shooting proficiency.
• An approved storage system for firearms.
• Mandatory registration of all acquired weapons.

Additionally, the minimum age for firearm ownership in Argentina was previously lowered from 21 to 18 years old in December 2024, aligning with the legal age of majority in the country.

Broader Liberalization of Gun Laws

The formalization of these regulations is part of a broader effort by President Milei's government to fulfill campaign promises aimed at loosening gun-ownership laws. Other measures implemented by his administration include:

• Lowering the minimum age for gun ownership from 21 to 18 in December 2024.
• Loosening requirements for firearms businesses and manufacturers.
• Exempting companies involved in these operations from needing municipal permits.
• Simplifying the application process for firearms permits through an expedited online system launched in May 2025, accessible to both civilians and security forces.

These changes represent a significant shift in Argentina's approach to firearms policy, moving towards increased civilian access under specific regulatory frameworks.