Lithuania Conducts Extensive Anti-Drone Drills Near Belarus Border

Intensive Anti-Drone Exercises Underway

The Lithuanian Ministry of Defense announced on October 22, 2025, that it has carried out intensive training exercises for its mobile anti-aircraft fire groups. These crucial drills took place at the General Silvestras Žukauskas training ground in Pabrade, situated less than ten kilometers from the Belarus border. The exercises focused on enhancing the nation's capabilities to detect and neutralize unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

Advanced Weapon Systems Tested

During the training, military personnel tested a range of weapon systems designed to counter drone threats. This included the deployment of large-caliber machine guns and mobile armored vehicles equipped with machine gun modules. Additionally, missiles from the RBS surface-to-air missile system were launched against an aircraft-type drone, which was painted orange for improved visibility during the live-fire exercise. The objective was to ensure the readiness and effectiveness of Lithuania's air defense units against potential aerial incursions.

New Legislation and Recent Airspace Violations

These exercises come on the heels of significant legislative changes. In September, Lithuania's Seimas (parliament) approved amendments to the Aviation Law, expanding the military's authority to engage hostile drones. Under the new regulations, the defense minister or an authorized representative can now permit the use of military assets against drones in prohibited or restricted zones if they violate established rules or restrictions. Previously, military forces were only authorized to shoot down aircraft used as weapons in forbidden zones.

The policy shift was largely prompted by a series of incidents involving Russian drones. In August 2025, fragments of a downed Russian 'Gerber' drone were recovered after it entered Lithuanian airspace, forcing government officials to seek shelter. Another incident in July 2025 saw a similar drone, identified as a Russian-made 'Gerbera' and carrying approximately two kilograms of explosives, enter Lithuanian territory from Belarus. These events underscored the urgent need for a more flexible and effective response mechanism to airspace violations.

Strategic Context and Enhanced Border Security

The proximity of the training ground to the Belarusian border highlights Lithuania's heightened security concerns in the region. The country has been actively bolstering its defenses amid growing tensions and repeated airspace violations. In August 2025, Lithuania temporarily closed its airspace along the border with Belarus, citing security risks from drones and upcoming joint Russian-Belarusian military exercises, including 'Zapad-2025'. The Ministry of Defense emphasized that military assets would only be used under conditions of 'absolute military necessity' and with all safety measures observed to prevent harm to people and property. These comprehensive measures reflect Lithuania's commitment to strengthening its national security and protecting its airspace from evolving threats.