Examining the Rise of Right-Wing Populism and its Implications for Japan's Future

The right-wing populist party Sanseito experienced a significant electoral gain in the July 20 House of Councillors election, increasing its contested seats from one to fourteen. This outcome has drawn international attention, signaling a potential shift towards the right in Japanese politics.

Sanseito's platform centers on a "Japanese First" approach. The party advocates for stricter regulations on foreigners, including a ban on foreign land purchases and the elimination of welfare benefits for non-citizens. These stances echo policies seen in other nations, such as the United States under the administration of Donald Trump, and align with the rise of populist movements in Europe.

The party's appeal stems from anxieties surrounding globalization. Many voters feel left behind by the economic changes, including rising prices and stagnant wages. Sanseito's promise to "enrich Japanese people" resonated with those concerned about the future, attracting both traditional conservatives and previously unaffiliated voters.

Sanseito's success is linked to the decline of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and its coalition partner, Komeito. Voters expressed dissatisfaction with the established parties' inability to address issues like inequality and ease the financial burden on the middle class.

However, Sanseito's proposed policies raise concerns. Pledges to reduce taxes and social insurance premiums could weaken the income redistribution system. The party's stance on end-of-life care, advocating for self-funding of life-sustaining treatments, also requires careful consideration.

Further, Sanseito opposes policies promoting gender equality, such as a selective separate surname system for married couples and same-sex marriage, and seeks to repeal the LGBT understanding promotion law. The party's proposed constitutional changes also omit fundamental human rights.

The "Japanese First" slogan is viewed as potentially divisive, raising concerns about fostering exclusion and discrimination.

With the ruling coalition losing its majority in both chambers of the Diet, Sanseito is positioned to play a crucial role in policy decisions. The party aims to further increase its representation in the next House of Representatives election and potentially join the government.

The increasing fragmentation of the political landscape contributes to political instability. Politicians must avoid tactics that exacerbate social anxieties and divisions. Building consensus by listening to diverse perspectives, without resorting to exclusion, is essential for effective governance.